1Geographic Properties of Internet Routing

In this paper, we study the geographic properties of Inter-net routing. Our work is distinguished from previous studies of Internet routing in that we consider the geographic path traversed by packets, not just the network path. We exam-ine several geographic properties including the circuitous-ness of Internet routes, how multiple ISPs along an end-to-end path share the burden of routing packets, and the geo-graphic fault tolerance of ISP networks. We evaluate these properties using extensive network measurements. We ex-amine both the spatial and the temporal variations of some of the properties. We discuss the implications of our findings and make the case that geography is an interesting means for analyzing Internet properties. I