Synthetic Intermediates 4 The Preparation of Arylpiperazines as a Model

Abstract: The palladium-catalyzed coupling of amines and aryl halides or aryl alcohol derivatives has ma-tured from an exotic small-scale transformation into a very general, efficient and robust reaction during the last ten years. This article reports several applica-tions of this method from an industrial vantage point, including ligand synthesis, synthesis of arylpipera-zines, arylhydrazines and diarylamines. Much empha-sis in placed on issues of scale-up and safety to under-line the potential of CN couplings as solutions for in