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This dissertation is dedicated to: • My heavenly Father, whom I constantly leaned on for strength and inspiration. • The loving memory of my mother, Josie D. Norfleet, my father, Sterling Norfleet, Sr., and my sisters, Karen D. Norfleet, Peggie A. Ward, Gail Norfleet, and Arnett Deason. I would not be where I am today without their love and support. Although they are not physically here with me today, I know they are with me in spirit. • My son, John R. Norfleet, my most precious gift. I love you and I will continually pray that you and your wife, Cheryl Norfleet, achieve all your goals. • My siblings, Sterling Norfleet, Jr., Barbara J. Jones, Karl Norfleet, Larry N. Norfleet, and Angela LaBarrie. I have learned a great deal from each of you. • My family, whose support, love, and encouragement, helped make this endeavor possible. I would like to especially thank my cousin, Rosalind Downer and my aunt, Dorothy Downer. When the road grew weary, they were always there to offer encouragement and sympathetic ears. • My loving friends, Mia Alexander, Darius Mackey, Willie Payne, and Lillian and Oliver Little. There are no words to describe your love and support, but know that they were both greatly appreciated. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS While completing this dissertation, I received help from many individuals. I am so thankful that I had so many people in my corner that provided prayer, coaching, and mentoring. Many thanks to