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The author would like to thank Dr. Paula Howat for her guidance and direction on this project. It was a pleasure to work under a professor with immense research experience. Thank you committee for your suggestions and guidance. Thanks to the athletes who took time away from their hectic schedule during the competitive season to participate in this study. In addition, special thank you to Lori Love at Women’s Hospital who coordinated the subjects ’ DEXA appointments and organized much of the subject data. The author would like to express her sincere appreciation and admiration for her parents, Terry and Nettie Smith for their unfailing support and continuous expression of pride. The author would also like to thank her husband, Bryan for his love, understanding and endurance