Laser Surgery

Upon completion of this module, the ophthalmologist should be able to 1. Identify and describe current surgical techniques used to correct myopia, myopic astigmatism, and mixed astigmatism, including laser correction, incisional techniques, intrastromal corneal rings, phakic IOLs, and refractive lensectomy. 2. Describe the advantages and disadvantages to each surgical technique for the correction of myopia, myopic astigmatism, and mixed astigmatism. 3. Identify clinical situations where one refractive surgical technique for the correction of myopia, myopic astigmatism, or mixed astigmatism may be preferred to another. Refractive surgical options for the treatment of myopia and myopic astigmatism include laser surgeries, incisional surgeries, intrastromal ring segments, phakic intraocular lenses, and refractive lensectomy. Bioptics, or a planned combination of more than one refractive surgical modality, is also gaining popularity. For mixed astigmatism, several techniques are being used, including astigmatic keratotomy, photorefractive keratectomy, and laser in situ keratomileusis