The Role of Bariatric Surgery in the Resolution of Type 2 Diabetes

• In obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus is largely due to location of adipose tissue and the adipokines released from it. Weight management is usually the primary goal in controlling hyperglycaemia • With the difficulties and limited achievement presented in non-surgical weight loss, bariatric surgery has become increasingly popular as it is more successful in alleviating obesity-related diseases and obtaining significant weight loss • BPD, RYGB, VBG, and AGB are the four main bariatric procedures performed today, all of which involves a restrictive and/or malabsorportive component • Evidence has demonstrated that the exclusion of the hormonally active foregut in BPD and RYGB is far more superior in obtaining glycaemic control than are weight loss and decreased caloric intake alone. • Changes in the levels of gastrointestinal hormones following foregut exclusion in BPD and RYGB have led to the speculation of their involvement in the aetiology of type 2 diabetes Clinical Points Obesity is a major risk factor for many diseases, most notably for type 2 diabetes. Due to this correlation, weight loss has been a primary objective in managing type 2 diabetes. Current medical weight loss therapies an