Achieving Brouwer’s law with implicit Runge–Kutta methods

In high accuracy long-time integration of differential equations, round-off errors may dominate truncation errors. This article stud-ies the influence of round-off on the conservation of first integrals such as the total energy in Hamiltonian systems. For implicit Runge–Kutta methods, a standard implementation shows an unexpected propaga-tion. We propose a modification that reduces the effect of round-off and shows a qualitative and quantitative improvement for an accurate integration over long times