Published online June 2,2005 Soil Carbon Storage Estimation in a Forested Watershed using Quantitative Soil-Landscape Modeling

Carbon storage in soils is important to forest ecosystems. Moreover, forest soils may serve as important C sinks for ameliorating excess atmospheric Cot. Spatial estimates of soil organic C (SOC) storage have traditionally relied upon soil survey maps and laboratory charac-terization data. This approach does not account for inherent variability within map units, and often relies on incomplete, unrepresentative, or biased data. Our objective was to develop soil-landscape models that quantify relationships between SOC and topographic variables derived from digital elevation models. Within a 1500-ha watershed in eastern Kentucky, the amount of SOC stored in the soil to a depth of 0.3 m was estimated using triplicate cores at each node of a 380-m grid. We stratified the data into four aspect classes and used robust linear regression to generate empirical models. Despite low coeffi-cients of correlation between measured SOC and individual terrain attributes, we developed and validated models that explain up to 71% of SOC variability using three to five terrain attributes. Mean SOC content in the upper 30 cm, as predicted from our models, is 5.3 kg m-2, compared with an estimate of 2.9 kg mP2 from soil survey data. Total SOC storage in the upper 30 cm within the entire watershed is 82.0 Gg, compared with an estimate of 44.8 Gg from soil survey data. A soil-landscape modeling approach may prove useful for future SOC spatial modeling because it incorporates the continuous variability of SOC across landscapes and may be transportable to similar landscapes. N IMPORTANT component in understanding the role A of soils in the global C cycle is developing reliable estimates of the amounts of C stored in the soil and other terrestrial C pools. Estimates of SOC storage hav