Criticisms of Black Hole Theory by

The claims to existence of black holes in nature are refuted in several ways, and several fundamental errors of the theory are pointed out. The most basic error is that the Einstein field equation violates the Cartan/Evans dual iden-tity of geometry, as shown in previous papers of this series. Several com-monly used metrics of black hole theory are shown by computer algebra to violate basic geometry (the Cartan/Evans dual identity). These include the Kruskal metric and the metric used to claim the existence of Hawking radi-ation. The class of vacuum solutions refer only to a Ricci flat spacetime in which there is no energy momentum density and no physics. The so called Schwarzschild metric of black hole theory is incorrectly attributed to him and the conventional theory of singularities in this metric is fundamentally incor-rect, as shown independently in this paper by Dunning-Davies and Crothers. The most fundamental error in black hole theory is the arbitrary neglect of space-time torsion. In the ECE equations of motion, the torsion is correctly re-instated, and plays a fundamental role in physics on all scales