PRACTICAL, INEXPENSIVE, NANOSECOND TIME-ACCURACY USING GPS

Abstract: This paper investigates a method for achieving timing accuracy of approximately 3ns using low-cost, low-power components suitable for use in embedded systems. After developing an error model and a prototype costing $440 and consisting of an Oncore M12+ GPS receiver, an uncompensated 33MHz oscillator, and an Altera Cyclone Programmable Logic Device, testing indicated short-term frequency stability on the order of 1.5x10-15 seconds with the full system only consuming 1.7W from a 5V supply. Further testing is required to fully characterize this approach