Spaced Reinforcement: An Effective Approach to Enhance the Achievement in Plane Geometry

The purpose of the study was to design and investigate the efficacy of spaced reinforcement versus massed reinforcement on the learning and retention of plane geometry by high school students. The design consisted of one control and two experimental groups. The daily reinforcement for the massed treatment was limited to the given day’s lessons. Alternatively, the daily reinforcement for the spaced treatment consisted of the given day’s lesson and a variety of previously taught material according to a pre-designed schedule. The time on task was the same for all groups during the treatment. The pretest indicated that the students were equivalent initially. Differences of achievement were compared using an analysis of covariance on the posttest. Test statistic indicated that the spaced treatment resulted in a measurably greater level of achievement compared to the massed treatment. Statement of the problem The contributions of geometry to the development and advancement of the other branches of mathematics, the natural sciences, and technology, are widely recognized b