Foundational Systems Engineering (SE) Patterns for a SE Pattern Language

Abstract. Patterns are classically used to effectively capture large, complex bodies of information and knowledge. This paper outlines the current state of systems engineering (SE) pattern literature as well as proposing a foundational set of SE patterns for use in SE pattern languages. A pattern is defined as a solution of a specific problem placed in a specific context. A pattern language is a collection of interrelated patterns, with specific relationships binding individual patterns together. A collection of SE pattern relationship types are also introduced in this paper. Language is a fundamental aspect of any technical or scientific activity. The technical language used in technical activities impacts the concepts that can be addressed, the effort to express these concepts, and the precision with which these concepts can be expressed. Therefore it is important to consider the language requirements for conceptual expression and precision when designing a new language. In the case of an SE pattern language, the elements to be considered are the individual patterns and the relationships between the patterns. SE patterns have been discussed in INCOSE literature by at least two authors in three papers. "A Systems Engineering Pattern Language, " a paper by Robert H. Barter that appeared in th