Practice Change in Community Pharmacy: Quantification of

The international pharmacy practiceliterature has documented shifts in the orientation of community pharmacy practice over the past century along a continuum of manufacturing, com-pounding, and distribution to clinical ser-vices, pharmaceutical care, and more re-cently, cognitive pharmaceutical services (CPS).1 CPS are professional services provided by pharmacists, using their skills and knowledge to take an active role in contributing to patient health through effective interaction with both patients and other health professionals.2 Community pharmacy in Australia has been at the forefront of this international trend toward the delivery of remunerated CPS. Since 1990, the profession has ne-gotiated 5-year Community Pharmacy Agreements with the Australian govern-ment. These agreements cover all as-pects of remuneration for community pharmacies and have created an in-creased focus on CPS provision.3 The agreements have been significant drivers of practice change, which, in this context, refers to the shift in focus from product supply to patient-centered service delivery. The factors causing this shift are complex and include issues such as changes in gov