Alan Turing and the Matrix: Intelligent Systems for Law Enforcement in Virtual Worlds

following question: Can a computer administer justice?1 At the basis of this question lies a deeper question: can computers think? When we look beyond this question, we see it in turn gives rise to fundamental questions such as:What is intelligence? What defines creatitivity? and What makes us human? To avoid these difficult, almost unanswerable questions, Alan Turing, the father of modern artificial intelligence (AI) research, formulated the problem of determining whether a computer could think somewhat differently (Turing 1950). In Turing’s view we can only determine whether an entity is intelligent on the basis of what we ourselves perceive to be intelligent behavior. If an observer could not distinguish between a computer and a human being in a conversation, the point of what defines intelligence would be moot since in practice there would be no ‘functional ’ difference between men and machine. This concept can be brought in to practice via the well-known ‘Turing test’. In this test a human test subject is engaged in conversation with either a computer or another human being. However, the test subject cannot determine through his senses whether h