Zinc Deficiency in Sickle Cell Disease

Clinical similarities between patients with sickle cell anemia and zinc-deficient subjects suggested a secon-dary zinc deficiency in sickle cell anemia. Zinc was as-sayed in various biological fluids and tissues by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Zinc in the plasma, erythrocytes, and hair was decreased and irinary zinc excretion was increased in anemia patients as com-pared to controls. Erythrocyte zinc and daily urinary zinc excretion were inversely correlated in the anemia pa-tients (r =-.63, p < 0.05), suggesting that hyperzincu-na may have caused zinc deficiency in these patients. Carbonic anhydrase, a zinc metalloenzyme, correlated significantly with erythrocyte zinc (r = ±0.94, P < 0.001). Plasma RNase activity was significantly greater in anemia subjects than in controls. We administered zinc sulfate, 660 mg per day, orally, to seven men and two women with sickle cell anemia. Two 17-year-old males gained 5 cm and 7 cm in height during 49 and 42 weeks of zinc therapy, respectively. All but one patient gained weight (0.5 kg to 4.1 kg). Five of the males showed increased growth of pubic, axillary, facial, and body hair, and in one a leg ulcer healed in six weeks on zinc and in two others some benefit of zinc therapy on healing of ulcers was noted. Addftlonal Keyphrases: treatment of side-effects of sickle cell anemia #{149}trace elements #{149}effects of chronic he-molysis #{149}atomic absorption spectrophotometry #{149}Zn in plasma, urine, hair and erythrocytes #{149}carbonic anhydras