Filtered simulations of turbulence in a reactor rod bundle flow

Navier-Stokes equations) turbulence models provide adequately accurate solutions for many engineering problems at a reasonable computational cost, there is no single RANS model of universal applicability. Moreover, in many important applications the RANS model predictions for flow distributions, heat transfer coefficients, and thermal mixing can be significantly off. Examples of such applications are flows in pressurized water reactor rod bundles with mixing vanes and flows in gas cooled reactors where buoyancy effects are significant. Because direct numerical simulation (DNS) of turbulence for large Reynolds numbers an