General Deming Regression for Estimating Systematic Bias and

analyses are used to estimate average systematic error (bias) and its confidence interval in method-comparison studies. When assumptions that underlie a particular regression method are inappropriate for the data, errors in estimated statistics result. In this report, I present an improved method for regression analysis that is free from the usual simplifying assumptions and is gener-ally applicable to linearly related method-comparison data. Methods: Theoretical equations based on the Deming approach, further developed by physicists and extended herein, were applied to method-comparison data analy-sis. Monte Carlo simulations were used to demonstrate the validity of the new procedure and to compare its performance to ordinary linear regression (OLR) an