N-Butyl 2-Cyanoacrylate Embolization of Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistulae: CT Evaluation, Technical Features, and Outcome Prognosis in 26 Cases

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This study investigated the role of CT as an early predictor of outcome prognosis after glue embolization of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVF). METHODS: Over a 13-year period, 26 patients underwent glue embolization of SDAVF and were retrospectively reviewed. Immediately after embolization, each patient had CT evaluation of cast position. Mean follow-up angiography was 23.4 months (range, 1–87 months; median, 21 months). Both MR images and clinical data (e.g., gait and micturition disabilities according to the Aminoff and Logue disability scale, deep and superficial sensitivity) were analyzed, with a mean follow-up of 37.7 months (range, 12–98 months; median, 28 months). Data were tested by univariate analysis by using Fisher’s exact test and the Kruskall Wallis test, depending on the order of the qualitative variables. RESULTS: Glue was found in the dura mater on CT in 19 (73%) patients. None of these patients had a recanalized fistula on angiography, and the clinical status of all of them improved. Glue was observed in or proximal to the foramen on CT in seven (27%) patients. In five of them, the fistula was recanalized within a mean period of 9 months (range, 3–24 months; median, 6 months) and their clinical status worsened. All five required surgical treatment. O