Traces of Kubrawiyya Influence in Early Indonesian Islam

and its Malay translation Hikayat Hasanuddin, compiled in the late seventeenth or early eighteenth century but incorporating much older material, consist of a number of disparate narratives, one of which tells of the alleged studies of Sunan Gunung Jati in Mecca.1 A very similar, though less detailed, account is contained in the Brandes-Rinkes recension of the Babad Cirebon. Sunan Gunung Jati, venerated as one of the nine saints of Java, is a historical person, who lived in the first half of the 16th century and founded the Muslim kingdoms of Banten and Cirebon. Present tradition gives his proper name as Syarif Hidayatullah; the babad literature names him variously as Sa'ad Kamil, Muhammad Nuruddin, Nurullah Ibrahim, and Maulana Shaikh Madhkur, and has him born either in Egypt or in Pasai, in north Sumatra. It appears that a number of different historical and legendary persons have merged into the Sunan Gunung Jati of the babad. Sunan Gunung Jati and the Kubrawiyy