1). The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade and the Evolution of Mistrust in Africa: An Empirical Investigation.: AfroBarometer

ABSTRACT: Trust is increasingly perceived as having a significant effect on trade, public good provisions, conflict resolution and even demo-cratic consolidation. In this paper we investigate the historical deter-minants of trust within Africa, by testing for a long-term impact of the intensity of the slave trades on the level interpersonal trust, and trust in local institutions. We find that the number of slaves taken from an ethnic group between 1400 and 1900 is negatively correlated with how much individuals from that group trust others, especially those closest to the respondent, such as co-ethnics, relatives, and neighbors. A history of slaving is negatively correlated with trust of governments, and this effect is stronger for local governments than for national gov-ernments. This is true even controlling for individual’s perception of government’s performance. We confirm that the effect of slave exports on trust is causal by using the historic distance between the geographic location of ethnic groups and the coast as an instrument for the number of slaves taken from that group