Three-dimensional Modelling of the Interaction Between Buildings and Tunnelling Operations

ABSTRACT: An extensive programme of research has been carried out at Oxford University on finite element analysis of the interaction between masonry buildings and ground movements induced by tunnelling. The focus has been on the development of a predictive tool for assessing the probable damage to buildings. This paper presents a brief summary of the work, with reference to other more detailed papers. The method is illustrated with reference to the case of the Ramsgate harbour approach tunnel, in which a large diameter tunnel in chalk was excavated at very low cover directly beneath a row of cottages. Both field measurements and analyses reveal that in this case the building responds flexibly, following rather closely the greenfield settlements, which were small. The slight damage to the buildings was also correctly modelled. 1