Survivors of Childhood Leukemia and Lymphoma. II- Working Group and Investigators: Psychology Working Group. Proposed

The impressive gains in childhood cancer cure rates have led to an obligation to assess long-term complications that can affect the quality of life in the growing population of survivors. Outcome studies suggest that, compared to their siblings and normative populations, survivors are more likely to live with their parents as adults [1], need special education services [2], have lower educational attainment [3], and not to marry [4]. One model hypothesized in the literature is that these failures in adaptive functioning are due to observed changes in neurocognitive functioning, particularly problems in executive functioning. Executive functioning, the bringing together and coordinating of information for a purpose, is a multifaceted process with at least two clearly identified elements: attention and working memory. Additionally or even alternatively, these problems in adaptive functioning may be largely caused by psychological distress. It is key to know the relative contribution of psychosocial and neurocognitive factors to determine how to best design interventions to improve adaptive functioning outcomes. Several treatment exposures have been associated with impaired neurocognitiv