Activist NGOs have increasingly foregone public politics and turned to private politics to change the practices of firms and industries. This paper focuses on private politics, activist strategies, and nonmarket strategies of targets. A formal theory of an encounter between an activist organization and a target is presented to examine strategies for lessening the chance of being a target and for addressing an activist challenge once it has occurred. The encounter between the activist and the target is viewed as competition. At the heart of that competition is an activist campaign, which is represented by a demand, a promised reward if the target meets the demand, and a threat of harm if the target rejects the demand. The model incorporates ...
Pubic policies such as reguation, antitrust, and international trade are the result of public politi...
textThe principal theory in the field of public relations, grounded in the landmark Excellence Study...
This paper examines shareholder activism campaigns where multiple large activists concurrently targe...
Activist NGOs have increasingly foregone public politics and turned to private politics to change th...
Political and social activists are an increasingly important component of the environment of busines...
Environmental activists are increasingly resorting to private strategies such as boycotts and protes...
Private governance regimes—instances where nonstate actors set rules that govern their behavior and/...
This project explores whether and how corporations become more receptive to social activist challeng...
This paper explores whether and how contentious stakeholders can disrupt a firm’s non-market strateg...
The purpose of this article is to develop a theory which frames the demands of civil society in such...
This article lays out a framework for the conditions under which a civil society organization lobbie...
Social movement organizations use consumer activism to mobilize public pressure and cause economic o...
This article integrates previous research on NGO behaviour with economic theory on collective action...
Civil society organisations' (CSOs') political advocacy is commonly acknowledged to be an important ...
International audienceI develop a model of activism and polarization in the context of electoral com...
Pubic policies such as reguation, antitrust, and international trade are the result of public politi...
textThe principal theory in the field of public relations, grounded in the landmark Excellence Study...
This paper examines shareholder activism campaigns where multiple large activists concurrently targe...
Activist NGOs have increasingly foregone public politics and turned to private politics to change th...
Political and social activists are an increasingly important component of the environment of busines...
Environmental activists are increasingly resorting to private strategies such as boycotts and protes...
Private governance regimes—instances where nonstate actors set rules that govern their behavior and/...
This project explores whether and how corporations become more receptive to social activist challeng...
This paper explores whether and how contentious stakeholders can disrupt a firm’s non-market strateg...
The purpose of this article is to develop a theory which frames the demands of civil society in such...
This article lays out a framework for the conditions under which a civil society organization lobbie...
Social movement organizations use consumer activism to mobilize public pressure and cause economic o...
This article integrates previous research on NGO behaviour with economic theory on collective action...
Civil society organisations' (CSOs') political advocacy is commonly acknowledged to be an important ...
International audienceI develop a model of activism and polarization in the context of electoral com...
Pubic policies such as reguation, antitrust, and international trade are the result of public politi...
textThe principal theory in the field of public relations, grounded in the landmark Excellence Study...
This paper examines shareholder activism campaigns where multiple large activists concurrently targe...