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was the only one in the scene. ing neuronal responses to an attended target with purely sen-sory responses to a neutral, i.e., behaviorally irrelevant stimulus (Treue & Martı́nez Trujillo, 1999), or when the perceptual consequences may be derived if attention-dependent changes of neuronal stimulus selectivity are analyzed instead of absolute firing rate. A recent study on the influence of sustained attention on direction selectivity of neurons in macaque area MT (Wegener, Freiwald, & Kreiter, 2004) suggests that attention may adjust neurona