Changes of flowering phenology of six herbal species in a beech forest (Central Slovakia): A decade analysis

ABSTRACT: The variability in flowering phenology of six forest herbaceous species: Pul-monaria officinalis L. (early spring species), Den-taria bulbifera L. (mid spring), Galium odoratum Scop. (late spring), Veronica officinalis L. (early summer), Mycelis muralis (L.) Dumort. (mid summer) and Campanula trachelium L. (mid/late summer) was analysed over the period of the past ten years (1995–2004). Observations were done in a beech forest at the Ecological Experimental Stationary in Kremnické vrchy Mts (Central Slo-vakia, 48o38´N, 19o04´E, 450–520 m a.s.l.). Two phenological events – the first flowering and full flowering as well as the duration of interphase interval were analysed. The timing of observe