Increasing prosperity and population growths in many developing countries are resulting in accelerated growth in vehicle population and vehicle kilometers traveled. In Pakistan also the number of vehicles have jumped from 0.8 million to about 4.0 million within 20 years showing an overall increase of more than 400 %. Accordingly, the consumption of petrol (motor spirit) has increased from 828,670 metric tons to 1,189,042 metric tons. The high content of lead in petrol is a serious issue, as the end product of it is the release of lead into the environment. The reported lead levels in air (micrograms/cubic centimeter) i
Lead is a widespread environmental contaminant worldwide and is associated with adverse outcomes in ...
The subject of this paper is lead (Pb) additives in gasoline and their material and health impact fr...
This study was conducted to evaluate the cumulative and steady-state lead burden in children from Ka...
Objectives To confirm whether blood lead concentrations in Karachi were as high as reported in 1989 ...
Objectives: Data on blood lead levels, sources of lead and health effects were reviewed among childr...
Lead (Pb) in petrol has been banned in developed countries. Despite the control of Pb in petrol sinc...
Objectives: To confirm whether blood lead concentrations in Karachi were as high as reported in 1989...
A first-ever survey oflead (Pb) in road dust in Bandar Seri Begawan (B.S.B.), the capital of Brunei ...
The authors studied 53 girls (44.5%) and 66 (55.5%) boys in Karachi, Pakistan, to determine their bl...
Previous evaluations of a birth cohort in the Munshiganj District of Bangladesh had found that over ...
Lead is an ubiquitous highly toxic metal to which we are exposed to in the normal circumstances of ...
Deleterious impact of lead from the use of motor fuels is of major concern. Lead levels of gasoline ...
Lead is a widespread environmental contaminant worldwide and is associated with adverse outcomes in ...
The subject of this paper is lead (Pb) additives in gasoline and their material and health impact fr...
This study was conducted to evaluate the cumulative and steady-state lead burden in children from Ka...
Objectives To confirm whether blood lead concentrations in Karachi were as high as reported in 1989 ...
Objectives: Data on blood lead levels, sources of lead and health effects were reviewed among childr...
Lead (Pb) in petrol has been banned in developed countries. Despite the control of Pb in petrol sinc...
Objectives: To confirm whether blood lead concentrations in Karachi were as high as reported in 1989...
A first-ever survey oflead (Pb) in road dust in Bandar Seri Begawan (B.S.B.), the capital of Brunei ...
The authors studied 53 girls (44.5%) and 66 (55.5%) boys in Karachi, Pakistan, to determine their bl...
Previous evaluations of a birth cohort in the Munshiganj District of Bangladesh had found that over ...
Lead is an ubiquitous highly toxic metal to which we are exposed to in the normal circumstances of ...
Deleterious impact of lead from the use of motor fuels is of major concern. Lead levels of gasoline ...
Lead is a widespread environmental contaminant worldwide and is associated with adverse outcomes in ...
The subject of this paper is lead (Pb) additives in gasoline and their material and health impact fr...
This study was conducted to evaluate the cumulative and steady-state lead burden in children from Ka...