Red deer in Italy: recent changes in range and numbers. Hystrix Italian

ABSTRACT- The following paper illustrates changes in distribution range and population size of the red deer Cervus eluphus in Italy in the last three decades. It mentions the main events of reintroduction and restocking together with hunting statistics. The mean yearly increase from 1970 to 1998 was 6 % in range and 8 % in population size: in 28 years the range had a five fold and the numers a tenfold incrase. In 1998 the total red deer population in Italy was estimated at 32,000 head, of which 75 % are in the cen-tral and eastern Alps. In the central and eastern Alps the current population derives mainly from spon-taneous recolonisation from neighbouring countries. In the western Alps the contribution of reintro-duction prevails. In the northern and central Apennines the present occurrence of red deer is exclusively due to reintroduction. In Sardinia C. e. corsicnrzits is recovering gradually. The autochthonous nucleus from Mesola Wood needs a long term conservation plan. Key words: red deer, distribution, abundance, reintroduction