1 An Examination of Team Effectiveness in Distributed and Co-located Engineering Teams

Student project teams are an important and integral part of many engineering classrooms. This paper examines the social- and task-related dimensions of such co-located and distributed teams. Studies of distributed teams in the workplace observe that members often face social issues of building trust and cohesion that co-located teams do not. It is posited that distributed teams in the classroom must struggle with similar issues, and therefore skew into operating in a task focused fashion. In contrast, it is suggested that co-located engineering teams in the classroom regard teamwork from a socially-oriented viewpoint. A questionnaire was administered to co-located and distributed engineering student teams to assess members ’ self-rated team effectiveness and their team challenges. The results suggest that co-located teams, in some ways, may indeed be more socially oriented in comparison with distributed teams, and that this social orientation may be detrimental to team effectiveness. Likewise, distributed teams appear to be relatively more task focused. This paper discusses implications for engineering and design education that focus on balancing social- and task-orientation in order to improve team effectiveness