THE FUNCTIONS OF PICTURES IN PROBLEM SOLVING

In the present study, we assert that pictures serve four functions in problem solving: decorative, representational, organizational and informational. We, therefore, investigate the effects of pictures based on their functions in mathematical problem solving (MPS), by high achievement students of Grade 6 in Cyprus, in a communication setting. A number of tasks were developed and techniques of observation and interviews were conducted for gathering qualitative data from eight students. All kinds of pictures, except the decorative one, were found to be conducive to MPS and the communication process. Findings also suggest that the use of pictures in successful MPS depends on the relationship between the picture and the task (function of picture), and on students ’ mental abilities. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND Bruner (1961) supports that learning proceeds through three levels: the enactive, the iconic and the symbolic. In other words, pictures function as a mediator between the practical and the theoretical formal level of understanding. In the field of mathematics learning and instruction, pictures play an important role as an aid fo