The Maintenance of Indonesia Geodetic Control Network – In the Earth Deforming Zones

The increase in geodetic control points positioning by Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements in Indonesia, since the first campaign measurements in 1989 has led to a revolution in the precision, spatial coverage, spatial and temporal resolution of deformation measurements. To observe a trend towards the need for an accurate, seamless statewide control network for all spatial referencing activities are demanding. In response to these increasing spatial referencing needs, a systematic geodetic network maintenance procedure that minimizes the unique challenges within Indonesia to maintain control values up to date is a key issue. Maintenance procedure includes in monitoring temporal changes in geodetic coordinates due to Earth surface deformation, seismic activity, volcanic deformation, and land subsidence. With the explosion of annual GPS geodetic surveys since 1992, a large number of recent publications have used subsets of these GPS data to address velocities across plate boundaries in terms of velocities of geodetic monuments throughout the Indonesian archipelago. This paper concludes with some considerations about the knowledge of the velocity field at the Earth’s surface within a deforming plate boundary zone is important and may be used in constructing and maintaining geodetic datum that take account of Earth deformation. TS8 – Reference Frame in Practic