DOI: 10.1140/epjd/e2007-00233-3 THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D Characterisation of a three-dimensional Brownian motor in optical lattices

Abstract. We present here a detailed study of the behaviour of a three dimensional Brownian motor based on cold atoms in a double optical lattice [P. Sjölund et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 190602 (2006)]. This includes both experiments and numerical simulations of a Brownian particle. The potentials used are spatially and temporally symmetric, but combined spatiotemporal symmetry is broken by phase shifts and asymmetric transfer rates between potentials. The diffusion of atoms in the optical lattices is rectified and controlled both in direction and speed along three dimensions. We explore a large range of experimental parameters, where irradiances and detunings of the optical lattice lights are varied within the dissipative regime. Induced drift velocities in the order of one atomic recoil velocity have been achieved. PACS. 32.80.Lg Mechanical effects of light on atoms, molecules, and ions – 05.40.Jc Brownian motion – 32.80.Pj Optical cooling of atoms; trapping