www.elsevier.com / locate /cardiores Editorial The pathophysiology of cardiac syndrome X — a tale of paradigm shifts

See article by Gulli et al. [18] (pages 208 –216) in this in Arbogast and Bourassa’s original paper [2], almost all of issue. these points are made explicitly. (Furthermore, in this author’s opinion, the position has not been altered to any significant extent by more recent explorations of other 1. Introduction mediators of vascular tone such as oestrogen, endothelin or nitrous oxide.) The aetiology of cardiac syndrome X — the problem of the patient with chest pain of anginal quality, ischaemic-like changes on the stress electrocardiogram (ECG) but a 2. The sympathetic nervous system and the aetiolog