Multi-Species Ecotoxicity Assessment of Petroleum-Contaminated Soil

In 1992, a study was begun to compare the effect of landfarming vs. natural attenua-tion on the restoration of soil that had been contaminated with crude oil. Each of three lysimeters was filled with a sandy loam topsoil, and crude oil was applied to two of the lysimeters. One of the contaminated lysimeters was tilled, watered, and received a one-time application of fertilizer (N, P, K). No amendments were added to the sec-ond contaminated lysimeter, and the third was left uncontaminated. The lysimeters were monitored for 6 months and then left unattended. In 1995 and again in 1997 we sample