Spectroscopic constraints on models of ion cyclotron resonance heating in the polar solar corona and high-speed solar wind, Astrophys

Using empirical ion velocity distributions derived from Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer (UVCS) and Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation (SUMER) ultraviolet spectroscopy, we con-struct theoretical models of the nonequilibrium plasma state of the polar solar corona. The primary energy deposition mechanism we investigate is the dissipation of high-frequency (10È10,000 Hz) ion cyclotron resonant waves which can heat and accelerate ions dierently depending on theirAlfve n charge and mass. We solve the internal energy conservation equations for the ion temperature com-ponents parallel and perpendicular to the superradially expanding magnetic Ðeld lines and use empirical constraints for the remaining parameters. We Ðnd that it is possible to explain many of the kinetic properties of the plasma (such as high perpendicular ion temperatures and strong temperature anisotropies) with relatively small amplitudes for the resonant waves. There is suggestive evidence for steepening of the wave spectrum between the coronal base and the largest heights observed spec-Alfve n troscopically, and it is important to take Coulomb collisions into account to understand observations at the lowest heights. Because the ion cyclotron wave dissipation is rapid, the extended heating seems to demand a constantly replenished population of waves over several solar radii. This indicates that the waves are generated gradually throughout the wind rather than propagated up from the base of the corona