-Second Primary Cancers Related to Smoking and Treatment of Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Background: An increased risk of second primary cancers has been reported in patients who survive small-cell carci-noma of the lung. The treatment’s contribution to the devel-opment of second cancers is difficult to assess, in part be-cause the number of long-term survivors seen at any one institution is small. We designed a multi-institution study to investigate the risk among survivors of developing second primary cancers other than small-cell lung carcinoma. Meth-ods: Demographic, smoking, and treatment information were obtained from the medical records of 611 patients who had been cancer free for more than 2 years after therapy for histologically proven small-cell lung cancer, and person-years of follow-up were cumulated. Population-based rates of cancer incidence and mortality were used to estimate the expected number of cancers or deaths. The actuarial risk o