1Evaluation of a two-source energy balance model in an advective environment

A two-source energy balance model (TSEB) was evaluated in terms of latent heat flux (LE) for six crops, wheat stubble, and bare soil in an advective environment, and net radiation (Rn) was modeled both with and without separate transfer characteristics used for visible and near-infrared radiation. Observed (i.e., ground-truth) LE was derived from changes in mass measured by precision weighing lysimeters averaged to 0.5-h, and observed Rn was measured by net radiometers at the lysimeters. Agreement between observed and predicted Rn was not greatly influenced by separation of visible and near-infrared radiation, possibly because constant soil albedo was assumed for visible and near-infrared wavelengths. The TSEB tended to overestimate LE for smaller observed LE (< |400 | W m-2) by up to 200 W m-2, but relative error improved as observed LE increased and appeared not to be influenced by strong regional advection