REVIEW The Y chromosome and male fertility and infertility1

Since 1995, thanks to a large number of studies, Y chromosome microdeletion screening has become part of the routine diagnostic work-up of severe male factor infertility. Many initial contradictory issues such as variability in deletion frequency, markers to be tested, presence of deletions in ‘fertile ’ men, and genotype–phenotype correlation has been resolved. Past and present unresolved issues are discussed in this review