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This paper is placed on the following web sites:www.stat.gov.pl www.econ.nyu.edu/dept/iariw 1 The findings, interpretations and conclusions are those of the author, and are not to be attributed to the World Bank, its Board of Directors, or any of its member countries. This paper has its origin in discussions with Partha Dasgupta and David Pearce, who bear no responsibility for any errors in the result. Giles Atkinson, John Hartwick, Jed Shilling and Michael Ward provided useful comments on an earlier draft. 1Abstract. 'Genuine ' saving values the total change in economic assets and, as such, provides an indicator of whether an economy is on a sustainable path. New estimates of genuine saving from the World Bank broaden the usual national accounts definitions of assets to include human capital, minerals, energy, forest resources and the stock of atmospheric CO2. The aper explores the issue of measuring changes in wealth per capita as a more comprehensive sustainability indicator which factors in both growth in total assets (as measured by genuine saving) and population growth. A theoretical approach to total wealth estimation is developed and first cross-country estimates of changes in wealth per capita are presented. Based on preliminary estimates, the conclusion is that the majority of countries below median income are in fact accumulating total wealth at a rate less than the rate of population growth