Prevalence of Abnormal Vision in One-Year-Old Thai Children, Based on a Prospective Cohort Study of Thai Children (PCTC)

Objectives: To collect preliminary data on the prevalence of abnormal vision in one-year-old Thai children. Material and Method: A retrospective study was conducted using data collected from a prospective cohort study of Thai children (PCTC) carried out during 2000-2002, to examine the prevalence of abnormal vision in one-year-olds. Data from five districts in five provinces were examined. One-year-old children in the present study underwent vision screening and eye examination performed by non-medical research assistants. Results: There were records from 3,898 children in five districts, 49.7 % females and 50.2 % males. Their eye examinations showed very good vision in 77.8 % (9.8cy/cm at 38 cm), good vision in 21.5 % (6.5cy/cm at 38 cm), and fair vision in 0.7 % (< 1.6 cy/cm at 38 cm). Normal ocular motility was found in 99.7 % and 99.9 % had normal anterior segment and lens. No strabismus was found in 99.4%, 99.9 % had normal pupil light reflex, 99.8 % had normal red reflex, 93.6 % could fix and follow at 3 months of age, 85.7 % could detect a falling object at 6 months, and 78.5 % of mothers and 46.5 % of fathers regularly played with the children. Logistic regression analysis indicated that some factors had statistical significance, such as çfix and followé by 1 month of age, and lack of father-child interaction, but these were not clinically significant. Using Kappa analysis, the authors combined groups 1 (very good vision) and 2 (good vision)to create a çnormal visioné category. If children had 2 abnormal eye examinations (eye exam for strabismus