ICE INDENTATION TEST ON CONSOLIDATED LAYER MODEL MADE OF SALINE AND FRESHWATER ICE BLOCKS

Deformed ice such as an ice ridge or an ice rubble field may impose a large load on hydraulic structures in ice-covered areas due to its large thickness (h) and consolidated layer. A consolidated layer, which is considered to have higher strength than a sail or a keel, is modeled in a cold room for ice indentation tests. It is rational that an ice load imposed by a consolidated layer of deformed ice should be compared with that imposed by the surrounding (un-deformed) ice sheet, since many ice load equations for level ice sheets have been suggested. In this paper, the ice load of deformed ice is compared with that of level (un-deformed) ice through ice indentation tests, using saline and freshwater ice sheets. Indentation velocity (V) and cubic ice block size (a) were varied, and the effects of (a/h), (V/h) and ice failure on the ice load were investigated