Aluminum, Iron, Lead, Cadmium, Copper, Zinc, Chromium, Magnesium, Strontium, and Calcium Content in Bone of End-Stage Renal Failure Patients

Background: Little is known about trace metal alter-ations in the bones of dialysis patients or whether particular types of renal osteodystrophy are associated with either increased or decreased skeletal concentra-tions of trace elements. Because these patients are at risk for alterations of trace elements as well as for morbidity from skeletal disorders, we measured trace elements in bone of patients with end-stage renal disease. Methods: We analyzed bone biopsies of 100 end-stage renal failure patients enrolled in a hemodialysis pro-gram. The trace metal contents of bone biopsies with histological features of either osteomalacia, adynamic bone disease, mixed lesion, normal histology, or hyper-parathyroidism were compared with each other and with the trace metal contents of bone of subjects wit