rin.P.

eived zation changes if an external force is applied causing strain. The coupling between magnetic and mechanical energies gives rise to the capability microstrain at saturation. Fe and Ni are common ferromagnetic materials and also have magneto-striction with magnitudes around this range. On the other hand, by alloying elements ‘‘giant’’ magnetostriction under relatively small magnetic fields can be achieved (Clark, 1980). Among these