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live brine shrimps either in the presence or in the absence of a live predator placed at some distance. When R eno hazard was present, lateralized and nonlateralized fish did not differ in rate of prey capture. However, when the predator was visible, lateralized fish were twice as fast at catching shrimps as were nonlateralized fish. A fine analysis of fish movements revealed that lateralized fish tended to monitor the predator with one eye and to use the other eye for catching prey, whereas nonlateralized fish swapped between tasks, using each eye for both functions. 2006 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Surviving and reproducing successfully depend on an animal’s ability to process information from the environ-ment and respond adaptively. In many situations an individual must perform different activities at the same time (i.e. foraging, mate search, predator vigilance). If these activities compete for the same computational resource, for example, if both require visual attention