Sleep disturbances in school-age children with chronic pain

Objectives To examine associations between pain, functional outcomes, and sleep disturbances in children with chronic pain, specifically juvenile idiopathic arthritis ( JIA), sickle cell disease (SCD), and headache (HA). Sleep disturbances were tested as a risk factor for increased functional disability and decreased health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Methods One hundred children ( JIA n 30, SCD n 26, HA n 44; 8–12 years; 56 % female) and their caregivers participated. Children completed questionnaires regarding pain, depression, and functional disability. Caregivers completed questionnaires regarding sociodemographics, child sleep habits, functional disability, and HRQOL. Results Levels of overall sleep disturbances were above the clinical cutoff for 53 % of children with chronic pain. Sleep disturbances predicted lower physical HRQOL and higher functional disability, according to parent report. Conclusions Sleep disturbances are common and associated with daytime functioning in school-age children with chronic pain, suggesting that assessment and treatment of sleep problems is clinically relevant. Key words children; chronic pain; quality of life; sleep; sleep problems