Original Article Impact of Body Mass Index on In-Hospital Mortality and Morbidity after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery

Background: Obesity is a common risk factor for morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery. However, the relationship between obesity and postoperative risk has not been fully defined. Methods: A prospective study of 1015 consecutive patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) was carried out. Body mass index (BMI) was used as the measure of obesity and was categorized as normal weight (BMI=20-25) and obese (BMI>25 and<35). The preoperative, operative, and postoperative risk factors as well as the complication and in-hospital death rates were compared between the two groups. Results: Of the 1015 patients, 40 % had a normal weight and 49 % were obese. Compared with the normal-weight group, the obese group had a significantly higher incidence of diabetes mellitus (P=0.007) and lower arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) (P=0.03). The normal-weight patients had a higher New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Class (P=0.03) and were at a higher risk for emergent surgery (P=0.003) or reoperation (P=0.002). Among the postoperative com-plications, respiratory complications (P=0.027) were more frequent in the obese patients. The duration of mechanical venti-lation (P=0.001), the incidence of arrhythmia (P=0.011), low cardiac output syndrome (P=0.001), reintubation (P=0.001), and neurological complications (P=0.003) were significantly higher in the normal-weight patients. Obesity was associated with a lower risk of reoperation for bleeding (P=0.032). There were no significant differences in infective complications