Development of Biomarker in Surface Water Quality Monitoring by Using Culture Fishery (Case Study: Saguling Reservoir, West Java, Indonesia)

Saguling reservoir is one of reservoir that located in West Java Province in Indonesia. Originally this reservoir was plan for single purpose to generate the electricity and received water from Citarum River. Water quality in this reservoir is depends on the water quality of Citarum River which have face significant change because of the increased of land use along Citarum River basin and ineffective effluent and stream standard. Parameter that tends to increased is heavy metal especially mercury from industries and agriculture discharge. The studies conduct in Saguling culture fishery using two dominant species of fish Oreochromis niloticus and Cyprianus carpio as biomarker. Mercury concentration in fish was analyzing based on Standard Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 06-264-1991. High concentration of mercury found in Oreochromis niloticus (16.8470 ppbwetweight) and 12.8943 ppbwetweight for Cyprianus carpio. These results are still below the permissible limit but still high compare to control samples. These sampling point was located in the same area and received water discharge from agriculture and domestic area which have contribution of mercury discharge. Biomarker by culture fisheries can be used as monitoring method to maintain the water quality in Saguling reservoir