Hardware implementation issues of turbo decoders

This paper gives a general overview of the implementation aspects of turbo decoders. Although the parallel architecture of the turbo code is emphasized, the serial concatenated convolutional codes for the turbo decoder are discussed too. Considering the general structure of iter-ative decoders, the main features of the soft input and soft output algorithm, which are the heart of a turbo decoder, are observed. The effi-cient parallel architectures of turbo decoders are shown which allow high speed implementation. Apart from these, implementation aspects like quantization issues and stopping rules to increase the throughput as well as an evaluation of the various turbo decoders are discussed. Finally, we suggest a number of solutions to overcome the implementation issues as well as the complexities without affecting the high throughput rate