1 PLUG-IN VEHICLE CONTROL STRATEGY: FROM GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION TO REAL-TIME

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) have demonstrated the potential to significantly increase fuel economy. However, the overall efficiency of the powertrain system of any Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) depends on the vehicle-level control strategy. To optimize the energy flow, a global optimization algorithm, based on the Bellman principle, was used to generate the most efficient operating conditions for a parallel pre-transmission hybrid and a specific driving cycle. Several driving cycles were analyzed, each of them repeated a number of times to assess the impact of driving distance. The engine, electric machine, and transmission operating modes were then used to generate a rule-based control strategy in PSAT, Argonne’s vehicle system modeling software