Winter Steelhead Redd to Fish conversions, Spawning Ground Survey Data

monitoring program for naturally spawning winter steelhead populations (Susac and Jacobs 1998). The goal was to develop field protocols that could produce reliable annual measures of winter steelhead spawner abundance, and could be applied consistently and cost effectively across large geographic scales. Development and evaluation of field methods occurred from 1998 through 2002, and a coast wide monitoring program for naturally spawning winter steelhead was implemented in 2003. Annual monitoring of winter steelhead spawners in Oregon tributaries of the Lower Columbia River was implemented in 2012. In addition, an initial year of monitoring was conducted in the Lower Columbia in 2004, and basin specific monitoring in the Sandy and Clackamas was conducted in 2006, 2007, 2010 and 2011. Develop and evaluation of field methods occurred above fish passage barriers where a count or mark-recapture estimate of winter steelhead abundance above the barrier was available. Comprehensive spawning ground surveys, or a randomly selected sample of spawning ground surveys, were conducted above the barriers. Metrics of winter steelhead abundance from spawning ground surveys were generated based on live fish and redd counts. These metrics were then compared to the known/estimated abundances from the dam counts and mark-recaptur