Exploring visualisation in web information retrieval

*Corresponding author Abstract: Most conventional web search engines return a small fraction of results per display in textual format. Such renderings require the user to scroll over multiple pages to find relevant results. To enhance the user’s ability to identify relevant documents among large sets of results, visualisation techniques are suggested. In addition, integrating the user in the process of query reformulation – by visualising the process itself – can lead to more relevant search results. This paper explores research concerned with visualising the processes of query reformulation and results rendering in web search, and provides research recommendations for further investigations of how best to integrate visualisation into web information retrieval